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Chinese Sign Language
Modern Chinese Sign Language (or CSL or ZGS; ) is the deaf sign language of the People's Republic of China. It is unrelated to Taiwanese Sign Language.
The first deaf school using Chinese Sign Language was created by the wife of an American missionary C.R. Mills, Nellie Thompson Mills in the year 1887. Schools, workshops and farms in different areas for the Deaf are the main ways that CSL has been able to spread in China so well. Other Deaf who are not connected to these gathering places tend to use sets of gestures developed in their own homes, known as home sign.
The Chinese National Association of the Deaf (ROC) was created by the Deaf People mostly from the United States. The biggest reason for the organization of the Deaf in China was to raise quality of living for the Deaf which was behind the quality of living standards provided for the other disabled. The members of the ROC worked together to better the welfare of the Deaf, to encourage education of Deaf and Chinese Sign Language, and to promote the Deaf Community in China.
== History ==
An American missionary named C. R. Mills supported his wife, Neddie Thompson, in the establishment of the first school for the deaf in China in Shandong in 1887. Neddie Thompson was an American who had recently graduated from Wellesley College. She was a teacher of the deaf at the Rochester School for the Deaf when Rev. Mills met Neddie. She was the teacher of his son, who was deaf. Neddie had taught herself deaf language in order to teacher her 1/2 brother who was deaf. Rev. Mills proposed marriage to Neddie but she refused. She wanted to be able to be his intellectual equal, not his inferior. She wanted to go to Wellesley College first and then consider whether to marry Rev. Mills. He agreed and Neddie attended Wellesley, after which she decided to go to China and marry Rev. Mills. Neddie was a recognized professional in the teaching of the deaf. When she arrived in China Neddie was shocked to discover that China hid the deaf and there were no schools for the deaf. Not only did Neddie begin the first school for the deaf in China, she also created a sign language system for China. It is said that it was an oral school so American Sign Language did not have a strong influence on the sign language that developed among its students, but the sign language that was developed at the school was the creation of Neddie Thompson Mills. Rev Mills died some 5 years after he & Neddie were married; Neddie devoted her life to the School and the expansion of the education for the deaf in China for the remaining 40+ years of her life. A second school opened in Shanghai in 1892; there instruction was in CSL, as the teachers were Deaf. Shanghainese immigrants to Hong Kong in the early 20th century took the language there; Shanghainese teachers established schools for the deaf in Singapore and Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Chinese Sign was recognized by the central government in the 1950s.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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